Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav thiab mining, tsis muaj tus phab ej, tsuas yog zoo - pab pawg sib koom tes. Lub siab-kev ua tau zoo drilling rig, sib piv cov cua compressor, cov txheej txheem coring meej, thiab ib txoj hlua laum txhim khu kev qha ua ke ua cov tub ntxhais kaw lub voj ntawm kev ua haujlwm drilling.
Ntau tus neeg yuav khoom txawv teb chaws feem ntau poob rau hauv kev xav tsis zoo: tsom ntau dhau ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv ib leeg thaum tsis quav ntsej txog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm tag nrho cov kab ke. Niaj hnub no, peb yuav muab ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas qhov tob ntawm cov tswv yim kev txawj ntse thiab kev xaiv ua ke ntawm plaub hom khoom no los pab koj txiav txim siab zoo rau koj qhov project tom ntej.
I. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb txhais: Lawv txoj haujlwm yog dab tsi?
Ua ntej delving rau hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke, cia peb qhia meej txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm txhua tus tswv cuab hauv "quartet" no:
1. Drilling Rig: Lub zog tseem ceeb
Lub drilling rig yog lub zog thiab tswj platform ntawm tag nrho cov system. Nws muab rotational torque, pub siab, thiab lifting quab yuam. Txawm hais tias nws yog qhov ntsug ntsug drilling rig (tsim rau 200-meter qhov dej ntiav lossis kev tshawb nrhiav geological) lossis lub zog lub taub hau drilling rig, nws cov ntsiab lus tsis zoo (torque, pub stroke) txiav txim seb cov hlua tho nws tuaj yeem "tsav" thiab hom txheej txheem nws tuaj yeem hloov mus rau . 2. Cua Compressor: Qhov Chaw ntawm Lub Neej
Rau cua drilling (xws li nqes -- qhov drilling thiab rov qab ncig drilling), cua compressor yog "lub ntsws" ntawm lub cev. Nws tsis tsuas yog tsav cov nqes hauv-- qhov rauj kom cuam tshuam rau pob zeb tab sis kuj tshem tawm pob zeb txiav tawm hauv qab ntawm lub qhov. Lub siab thiab tso zis ntim (cua siab thiab cua ntim) yog cov cim tseem ceeb.
3. Core Drilling Rig: Lub Qhov Muag ntawm Geology
Yog hais tias zoo tib yam drilling rigs yog rau "dhau los ntawm" tsim, core drilling rigs yog rau "pom" tsim. Lawv feem ntau yog nruab nrog siab dua -kev tswj ceev ceev thiab dual- raj laum hlua kom ntseeg tau tias cov tub ntxhais cov qauv rov qab tau zoo (feem ntau ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 92%-98%) thiab kev ncaj ncees siab, ua rau lawv yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav geological.
4. Cov hlua tho: Cov Channel rau lub zog thiab cov qauv
Xws li laum yeeb nkab, laum ntsis, tub ntxhais tube, casing, thiab lwm yam. Cov no yog cov khoom uas ncaj qha hu rau lub pob zeb. Piv txwv li, lub laum yeeb nkab yog lub luag hauj lwm rau kev xa cov torque thiab conveying nruab nrab, lub laum me ntsis (pob zeb diamond, composite, roller cone) yog lub luag hauj lwm rau kev txiav lub pob zeb, thiab lub casing yog lub luag hauj lwm los tiv thaiv lub borehole phab ntsa.
II. Sib sib sib zog nqus: Yuav ua li cas los sib sau ua ke zoo meej pab neeg rau koj qhov project?
Qhov sib txuam logic rau plaub yam no txawv heev nyob ntawm seb qhov kev ua haujlwm. Hauv qab no yog configuration schemes rau peb yam scenarios:
Daim ntawv thov Scenario|Lub Hom Phiaj Core|Tswv Cuab Configuration Pom Zoo|Cua Compressor Configuration Pom Zoo|Drill String Configuration Recommendation
Scenario A: Qhib-Pit Mine/Quarry|Siab-Kev Piercing thiab Blasting|Hnyav-lub luag haujlwm nqis- lub- qhov laum los yog cov menyuam lub khob hliav qab, hais txog kev sib hloov torque thiab thrust. Siab-siab, siab-ntsuas ntsia hlau xovxwm. Rau blast qhov nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 140-250mm, kev ua haujlwm siab yuav tsum ncav cuag 1.8-2.5MPa lossis siab dua; huab cua ntim yuav tsum tau xam raws li lub qhov taub. Siv lub siab -siab down-lub qhov rauj + hnav-tiv taus laum me ntsis; lub laum pas nrig yuav tsum tau siv kev sib txhuam vuam tshuab los tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam loj heev.
Scenario B: Deep Geological Tshawb Fawb|Siab -Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo Tshaj Plaws|Configure ib tug tag nrho hydraulic core drilling rig nrog zoo ceev hloov thiab ruaj khov pub (xws li ib tug kilometer-theem xyaum), uas yuav tsum muaj tripping thiab txo cov peev xwm. Tsis tas yuav tsum tau dej drilling. Rau cov huab cua thim rov qab kev ua piv txwv drilling, qhov nruab nrab - siab, siab - cua compressor yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog rau hauv qab - lub qhov hluav taws xob. Wireline coring laum yeeb nkab yog qhov tseem ceeb, thiab thaum siv dual - raj laum hlua thiab pob zeb diamond laum me ntsis, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov rov qab zoo dua los yog sib npaug li 98% yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau.
Scenario C: Dej Qhov Dej / Geothermal Drilling. Kev Ua tiav Zoo thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo: Cov dej ntws zoo drilling rigs, nruab nrog lub zog siab thiab lub ntsiab winch, yog tsim rau casing tripping. Cov huab cua nruab nrab mus rau siab yog yuav tsum tau rau down- lub - qhov rauj drilling; lub tshuab ua npuas dej yog tsim nyog rau huab cua ua npuas ncauj drilling. Laum dab tshos pressurization xyuas kom meej borehole verticality, thiab cov txheej txheem casing yuav tsum tau txuam zoo casing thiab lim kav.
III. Phau Ntawv Qhia Kev Xaiv: Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb feem ntau tsis saib xyuas
Hauv peb cov lag luam xa tawm, peb tau pom tias cov neeg siv khoom txawv teb chaws feem ntau yuam kev cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no, ua rau cov khoom siv tsis zoo thaum tuaj txog:
1. "Pressure Trap" ntawm Cua Compressors
Ntau tus neeg yuav khoom tsuas yog tsom rau ntawm qhov drilling rig nws tus kheej, tsis quav ntsej qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov cua compressor nrog.
* Down- lub- qhov (DH) rigs yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog siab - cua compressors (feem ntau siab dua 2.0 MPa). Yog tias siv qis - compressor cua compressor, qhov cuam tshuam yuav ua haujlwm tsis zoo, thiab kev ua haujlwm drilling tej zaum yuav qis dua li qhov drilling.
* Cov lus pom zoo: Thaum yuav ib lub DH rig, ib txwm thov kom muaj huab cua nkhaus ntawm tus neeg muag khoom thiab xaiv lub tshuab cua compressor nrog tsawg kawg yog 10% -15% npoo hauv qhov tso pa tawm raws li qhov kawg borehole txoj kab uas hla thiab qhov tob.
2. "Core Recovery Rate" Cov Lus Cog Tseg rau Core Drilling
Cov qauv tseem ceeb yog cov ntshav ntawm cov geologists.
* Yog tias tus neeg muag khoom tau cog lus tias qhov tseem ceeb heev rov qab los, nco ntsoov nug txog cov txheej txheem laum txoj hlua sib txuas. Piv txwv li, hauv kev tsim cov pob txha tawg, puas siv ob- raj lossis triple - raj drilling cuab yeej siv?
• Wireline coring thev naus laus zis (xws li AQT, BQT, thiab HQT series laum kav) yog tus yuam sij rau kev txhim kho qhov sib sib zog nqus - qhov coring efficiency. Nws tso cai rau cov tub ntxhais extraction ntawm wireline retrieval ntawm lub puab raj yam tsis retrieving tag nrho cov laum yeeb nkab, ho txuag lub sij hawm pab.
3. Laum yeeb nkab xov "Matching"
Drill yeeb nkab threads yog qhov tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo, thiab muaj ntau yam qauv thoob ntiaj teb (xws li API qauv, nruab nrab / hnyav-cov haujlwm series).
• Risk: Laum cov kav dej los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom sib txawv, txawm tias muaj tib txoj kab uas hla sab nraud, tej zaum yuav muaj cov xov tsis sib txawv (taper, pitch). Kev quab yuam kev sib txuas yuav ua rau cov xov ntxov hnav lossis ntes.
• Kev Pom Zoo: Thaum tsim cov khoom seem seem, sim yuav los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom qub; yog nrhiav lwm tus neeg muab khoom, nco ntsoov muab cov lus qhia ua tiav lossis cov qauv.
